The materials can be roughly divided into three types: high-speed steel, cobalt containing high-speed steel, and overall carbide. High speed steel (HSS) Since 1910, high-speed steel has been used as a cutting tool for over a century and is currently the most widely used and cheapest cutting tool material. High speed steel drill bits can be used not only on hand electric drills, but also in more stable environments such as drilling machines. Another reason for the durability of high-speed steel may be that high-speed steel cutting tools can be repeatedly ground, and due to their low price, they are not only used to grind into drill bits, but also widely used in turning tools.
Cobalt containing high-speed steel (HSSE) Cobalt containing high-speed steel has better red hardness than high-speed steel, and the increase in hardness also improves its wear resistance, but also sacrifices some of its toughness. Like high-speed steel, they can both increase the frequency of use through grinding.
Carbide Carbide is a metal based composite material. Tungsten carbide is used as the matrix, and some materials of other materials are used as the binder. It is made by a series of complex processes such as sintering in the way of Hot isostatic pressing. Compared to high-speed steel, there is a huge improvement in hardness, redness, and wear resistance, but the cost of hard alloy cutting tools is also much higher than that of high-speed steel. Hard alloy has more advantages in tool life and processing speed compared to previous tool materials, and professional grinding tools are needed for repeated grinding of tools.
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